Živali = Animals

1. ELEMENTARY LEVEL

1.1. Vocabulary = Besedišče

– a cat = mačka
– a dog = pes
– a horse = konj
– a cow = krava
– a pig = prašič
– a sheep* = ovca
– a fish** = riba
– a bird = ptič
– a mouse*** = miš
– a monkey = opica
– a tiger = tiger
– a lion = lev
– an elephant = slon
– a snake = kača
– a zebra = zebra
– a giraffe = žirafa
– a spider = pajek
– an ant = mravlja
– an insect = žuželka
– a fly = muha
– a bear = medved
– a wolf**** = volk
– a zoo = živalski vrt
– a (house) pet = hišni ljubljenček
– a farm = kmetija
– wild = divji
– the wild = divjina
– a fish tank = akvarij za ribe
– a cage = kletka
– caged = v kletki

* Množinska oblika ohrani isto obliko »sheep«. Primer: »I had one sheep, now I have two sheep.« (= Imel sem eno ovco, zdaj imam dve ovci.)
** Samostalnik »fish« ima dve množinski obliki: »fish« in »fishes«. Raba je odvisna od pomena, pri čemer se za množino več rib iste vrste uporablja oblika »fish«, medtem ko se oblika »fishes« navezuje zgolj na množino rib različnih vrst. Primera: »I saw two fish in the water. They looked the same.« (= V vodi sem videl dve ribi. Izgledali sta enako.) »There were many fishes in the tank. Some were blue, some yellow, some red.« (= V akvariju je bilo veliko različnih rib. Nekatere so bile modre, druge rumene, tretje rdeče.)
*** Množinska oblika samostalnika je »mice«. Primer: »I had one mouse, now I have two mice.« (= Imel sem eno miš, zdaj imam dve miši.)
**** Množinska oblika samostalnika je »wolves«. Primer: »I saw one wolf, she saw three wolves.« (= Jaz sem videl enega volka, ona je videla tri volkove.)

1.2. Phrases = Fraze

– I walk my dog every morning. = I take my dog for a walk every morning. = Vsako jutro peljem psa na sprehod. (Vsako jutro sprehajam psa.)
– These are wild animals and they live in the wild. = To so divje živali in živijo v divjini.

2. PRE-INTERMEDIATE and INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

2.1. Vocabulary = Besedišče

– a rat = podgana
– a hen = kokoš
– a cock* = petelin
– a chicken = piščanec, kura
– a chick = pišče
– a goat = koza
– a donkey = osel
– a lamb = jagnje
– a bull = bik
– a calf** = tele
– a foal = žrebe
– a piglet = prašiček
– a cub = mladič (divje zveri)
– a turtle*** = morska želva
– a tortoise = kopenska želva
– a terrapin = sladkovodna želva
– a crocodile = krokodil
– a lizard = kuščar
– a rabbit = zajec
– a fox = lisica
– a snail = polž
– a worm = črv
– a parrot = papiga
– a canary = kanarček
– an eagle = orel
– an owl = sova
– a bat = netopir
– a frog = žaba
– a camel = kamela
– a gorilla = gorila
– a chimpanzee = šimpanz
– a leopard = leopard
– a rhinoceros = nosorog
– a goldfish = zlata ribica
– a whale = kit
– a shark = morski pes
– a dolphin = delfin
– a bee = čebela
– a butterfly = metulj
– a grasshopper = kobilica
– a cockroach = ščurek
– a scorpion = škorpijon
– a ladybird**** = pikapolonica
– a beetle = hrošč
– a duck = raca
– a goose***** = gos
– to bark = lajati
– a bark = lajež
– to roar = rjoveti
– a roar = rjovenje
– a nest = gnezdo
– to nest = gnezditi
– a wing = krilo
– a feather = pero
– a tail = rep
– a creature = bitje
– a species = vrsta
– an ape = višja opica

* V ameriški angleščini se uporablja izraz “a rooster”.
** Množinska oblika samostalnika je »calves«. Primer: »We had one calf, now we have two calves.« (= Imeli smo eno tele, sedaj imamo dve teleti.)
*** V ameriški angleščini se za morsko želvo uporablja izraz “a sea turtle”, sicer pa izraz “a turtle” lahko označuje želve vseh vrst.
**** V ameriški angleščini se uporablja izraz “a ladybug”.
***** Množinska oblika samostalnika je »geese«. Primer: »I had one goose, now I have three geese.« (= Imel sem eno gosko, sedaj imam tri gosi.)

3. UPPER-INTERMEDIATE and ADVANCED LEVEL

3.1. Vocabulary = Besedišče

– a crab = rakovica
– a lobster = jastog
– a peacock = pav
– a pigeon = golob
– a swallow = lastovka
– a seagull = galeb
– a swan = labod
– an ostrich = noj
– a lynx = ris
– a deer* = jelen
– a boar = merjasec (divji prašič)
– a hog** = a pig = prašič
– a hamster = hrček
– a guinea pig = morski prašiček
– a hedgehog = jež
– a squirrel = veverica
– a sea urchin = morski ježek
– a seal = tjulenj
– a walrus = mrož
– an octopus = hobotnica
– a salmon = losos
– a jellyfish = meduza
– a penguin = pingvin
– a mosquito = komar
– a bumblebee = čmrlj
– a tick = klop
– a shell = školjka, želvin oklep, polžja hišica
– a beak = kljun
– a trunk = slonji rilec
– a claw = krempelj
– a paw = taca
– whiskers = brki
– a hoof = kopito
– a mane = griva
– gills = škrge
– scales = luskine
– a fin = plavut
– a horn = rog
– antlers = rogovje***
– a mammal = sesalec
– a reptile = plazilec
– domestic = domač
– to domesticate = udomačiti
– endangered = ogrožen
– extinct = izumrl
– a mammoth = mamut
– to hiss = sikati
– to howl = tuliti, zavijati
– to hibernate = prezimiti, prespati zimo
– to purr = presti
– to wag = mahati (z repom)
– a herd = čreda
– cattle = živina, govedo
– a pack = trop
– a swarm = roj (žuželk)
– a beehive = a hive = (čebelji) panj
– a flock = jata (ptic), čreda (ovc ali koz)

* Množinska oblika ohrani isto obliko »deer«. Primer: »I saw a deer even though there aren’t many deer around here.« (= Videl sem jelena, čeprav tu okoli ni veliko jelenjadi.)
** V britanski angleščini izraz »a hog« označuje kastriranega prašičjega samca, medtem ko se v ameriški angleščini nanaša na kakršnegakoli prašiča.
*** Živali kot na primer jelen ali los imajo rogovje, za katerega se uporablja izraz »antlers« oziroma »an antler« v edninski obliki. Živali kot na primer bik ali koza pa imajo roge, za katere se uporablja izraz »horns« oziroma »a horn« v edninski obliki.

3.2. Phrases = Fraze

– They became an endangered species. = Postali so ogrožena vrsta.
– The cat purred. = Mačka je zapredla.
– The dog wagged its tail. = Pes je pomahal z repom.
– A swarm of bees encircled me. = Obkrožil me je roj čebel.
– A school of fish swam around me. = Okoli mene je plaval vlak rib.