Besedotvorje = Word formation

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Ena od prednosti angleščine je ta, da ima neverjetno zmožnost tvorjenja novih besed. Tvorjenje besed (ang. word formation) se doseže z dodajanjem in odvzemanjem predpon in pripon (npr. quick-quickly), s spojitvijo dveh besed (npr. breakfast + lunch = brunch), z zlaganjem (npr. girl + friend = girlfriend), s konverzijo (npr. “import” je lahko v vlogi samostalnika ali v vlogi glagola), s krnitvijo (npr. laboratory-lab), podvajanjem (fifty-fifty), preko onomatopoij (s posnemanjem naravnih zvokov: burp, clink) in procese tvorjenja besed (word formation) bi še lahko naštevali.

V podpoglavjih boste našli tabele, ki prikazujejo tvorjenje besed (word formation). Besedišče je razdeljeno po abecedi.

Nekatere pogoste pripone:

 

Samostalniki

pripona        primer
-ance entrance, importance, advance, performance, reliance
-ence residence, patience, confidence, silence, dependence, violence
-er, -or actor, selector, computer compiler, instructor, senator, adaptor, elector
-ist, -yst artist, analyst, biologist, egoist, pianist,
-((a)t)ion selection, action, admiration, destination, conclusion, celebration, conversion
-ness happiness, kindness, nervousness, blindness
-ment compliment, measurement, development, treatment
-ity ability, brevity, pity, electricity, stability, variety
-ian civilian, electrician, agrarian, pedestrian
-ism alpinism, mechanism, hedonism, realism
-ship hardship, relationship, battleship, friendship
-ive fugitive, initiative, additive, objective, archive
-acy accuracy, literacy, legacy, poignancy
Pridevniki

pripona        primer
-able breakable, comfortable, reliable, loadable, remarkable, available
-ible flexible, possible, terrible, compatible, responsible, feasible
-(ic)al critical, magnetic, mystical, electric, musical, electrical
-(i)ous envious, previous, curious, dangerous
-ful colorful, careful, playful, helpful
-less painless, careless, penniless, helpless
-ish boyish, redish, selfish, Polish, snobbish, English
-ate adequate, articulate, chocolate, confederate
-ary scary, elementary, voluntary, binary, military, secondary
-ive active, generative, alive, productive, attentive, objective
-y happy, worthy, foggy, fuzzy, cozy, busy
Glagoli

pripona        primer
-ate allocate, calculate, speculate, create, terminate, activate
-en darken, worsen, lengthen, harden
-fy defy, simplify, clarify, unify
-ize socialize, realize, summarize
-ish abolish, accomplish, furnish

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