Frazni glagoli = Phrasal Verbs
Eden od pojavov angleškega glagola je ta, da tvori skupaj s predlogom, členkom ali prislovom nov glagol, ki se po svojem pomenu razlikuje od prvotnega glagola. Frazni glagol je torej kombinacija glagola in predloga, členka ali prislova. Pomena fraznega glagola navadno ni moč razbrati na osnovi posamičnih besed, ki ga tvorijo. Frazni glagoli posledično slovenskim in drugim tujim govorcem angleščine pogosto povzročajo težave.
- Jim asked Kim out. = Jim je Kim povabil ven.
Posamezen glagol se lahko pojavi v kombinaciji z različnimi členki/predlogi/prislovi in pomeni teh kombinacij se med seboj razlikujejo. Če vzamemo za primer glagol “look”:
- My older brother looked after me when I was younger. = Moj starejši brat je pazil name, ko sem bila mlajša.
- Look at you! You’re so beautiful in this dress! = Poglej se! Tako lepa si v tej obleki!
- I am looking for my keys. Have you seen them anywhere? = Iščem svoje ključe. Si jih kje videl?
- Look out! The floor is slippery. = Pazi! Tla so spolzka.
- He started looking down on everyone when he got rich. = Ko je obogatel je začel na vse gledati zviška.
- I really look forward to meeting you. = Res se veselim srečanja s tabo.
Tabela z nekaterimi pogostimi fraznimi glagoli:
FRAZNI GLAGOL | DEFINICIJA | PRIMER | PREVOD |
---|---|---|---|
ask out | invite on a date | John asked Kathy out to lunch. | povabiti ven |
back up | support | When Jim decided to start his own business, his mother backed him up. | podpreti |
blow up | explode | The police found the man who wanted to blow up a plane. | eksplodirati |
break down | stop functioning (machine, vehicle) | My computer broke down yesterday. | pokvariti se |
break in | force entry to a building | The young man tried to break in the house but someone came by and he ran away. | vlomiti |
break up | end a relationship | He broke up with his girlfriend not long ago. | raziti se |
bring someone down | make unhappy | Films with sad endings always bring me down. | užalostiti |
bring someone up | raise a child | Our parents brought us up to believe in ourselves. | vzgojiti |
bring something up | start talking about a subject | I hate to bring this up but you still owe me £160. | omeniti |
call off | cancel | They called off the metting because half of the people were too busy to come. | odpovedati |
calm down | relax after being angry | Could you calm down? Everything will be okay. | umiriti |
not care for someone/something | not like (formal) | I don't care for her opinion. | ne marati |
catch up | get to the same point as someone else | I stopped and waited for my group to catch up. | ujeti, dohiteti (priti do iste točke, kjer je nekdo drug) |
check in | arrive and register at a hotel or airport | When we arrive at the hotel, we have to check in first. | prijaviti se |
check out | leave a hotel | We packed and checked out of the hotel. | odjaviti se |
check someone/something out | look at carefully, investigate | The police is checking out the call. | preveriti, preiskati |
cheer up | become happier | Mary cheered up when Peter had finally arrived. | razveseliti se |
come across something | find unexpectedly | I sometimes come across protected flowers when hiking in mountains. | naleteti na |
count on someone/something | rely on | I know I can count on him whenever I need anything. | računati na |
cut back on something | consume less | You should cut back on alcohol. | zmanjšati porabo |
do away with something | discard | It's time to do away with all of these old clothes. | odvreči, zavreči |
dress up | wear nice clothing | The club we are going to is quite fancy so I suggest you dress up. | lepo se obleči |
drop in/by/over | come without an appointment | You can drop in/by/over at my place any time you want. | ustaviti se na obisk |
drop out | quit a class, school, course | He dropped out of school at the age of 15. | pustiti (npr. šolo) |
eat out | eat at a restaurant | Don't cook. We'll eat out tonight. | jesti zunaj |
fall apart | break into pieces | My shoes are falling apart. I have to buy a new pair. | razpasti |
figure out | understand, find the answer | Try to figure out what their intentions are because I would really like to know. | ugotoviti, spomniti se nečesa |
fill in | to write information in blanks | Fill in the form with your name, address, and email address and give it back to us. | izpolniti |
find out | discover | We found out beautiful islands when travelling around by boat. | odkriti, ugotoviti |
get along/on | like each other | I get along/on with my mother-in-law and visit her quite often. | razumeti se |
get away | go on a vacation | After all this work, I can't wait to get away next week. | iti na počitnice |
get away with something | do without being noticed or punished | This time Tim won't get away with cheating on his girlfriend. | odnesti jo brez, da bi drugi opazili, te kaznovali |
get over something | recover from an illness, loss, difficulty | It took her quite a while to get over her divorce. | preboleti |
get round to something | finally find time to do | I hope I will get round to making a cake for my daughter's birthday next week. | najti čas za nekaj |
get together | meet (usually for social reasons) | Let's get together for our school anniversary. | dobiti se |
get up | get out of bed | My brother got up at five this morning and went to the seaside. | vstati iz postelje |
get up | stand | No matter how many times I fell I always got up and kept trying. | vstati |
give away | ruin a secret | My best friend gave away the news about my pregnancy by accident. | povedati skrivnost |
give away | give something to someone for free | When my co-worker bought her new computer she gave away the old one. | dati brezplačno |
give in | reluctantly stop fighting or arguing | My friend didn't want to watch that comedy but gave in in the end. | vdati se (v prepiru) |
give up | quit a habit | I have finally given up biting my nails. | odnehati, prenehati z navado |
give up | stop trying | No matter how hard it gets you should never give up. | vdati se (prenehati poskušati) |
go after someone | follow someone | He didn't want to leave me alone and when I went home he went after me. That was when I called the police. | iti za nekom |
go against someone | compete, oppose | I am very nervous since I am going against my biggest competitor tomorrow. | nasprotovati nekomu/nečemu, tekmovati |
go ahead | proceed | Our boss said we can go ahead with our plan. | nadaljevati |
go back | return to a place | She went back to work in the afternoon to finish some things. | vrniti se |
go out | leave home to go on a social event | I am going out for a drink with my friends. | iti ven |
go out with someone | date | Lucy has been going out with Dave for eight years and this year they are going to get married. | iti ven z nekom |
go over something | review | I went over my article for the last time and sent it to the publisher. | pregledati |
go without something | suffer, lack, deprive yourself of | They were so poor that they had to go without food from time to time. | ne imeti, biti brez |
grow apart | stop being friends over time | Amanda and her sister grew apart after Amanda had moved. | odtujiti se |
grow back | regrow | Don't worry. Your hair will soon grow back. | ponovno zrasti |
grow up | become an adult | When our children grow up, we will have more time for each other. | odrasti |
hand something in | submit | The deadline to hand in the reports is May 12. | oddati |
hand something over | give (usually unwillingly) | Johnny, now hand the mobile phone over to your father because he needs it. | izročiti |
hang in | stay positive | Hang in there. Your hard work will sooner or later be repaid. | držati se (ostati pozitiven) |
hang on | wait a short time (informal) | Hang on a second. I'll go with you. | počakati |
hang out | spend time relaxing together (informal) | I hang out with him and enjoy some good time almost every weekend. | družiti se |
hang up | end a phone call | He was so angry that he just hung up. | odložiti |
hold someone back | prevent from doing/going | I had to hold my friend back when they were teasing him about his sister. | zadržati (nekoga/nekaj) |
hold back something | hide an emotion | She was hardly holding back the tears when they were leaving. | zadrževati (čustvo) |
hold on | wait a short time | Please hold on. Ms Smith will be back in a second. | počakati |
hold up | rob | Have you heard that someone held up the post last evening? | ustaviti in oropati |
keep on doing | continue doing | Keep on doing the good work. | nadaljevati |
keep something from someone | not tell | We kept my pregnancy from everyone for three months. | prikrivati, zamolčati |
keep out | stop from entering | The children should be kept out of my office. | ne puščati noter |
let down | fail to support or help, disappoint | John has never let me down and I am really happy for having him in my life. | pustiti na cedilu, razočarati (nekoga), |
let in | allow to enter | The old lady didn't let the man in because she didn't know him. | spustiti koga noter |
look after | take care of | I had to look after my younger brother when my parents were away. | paziti |
look down on | think less of, consider inferior | I don't know why she looks down on everybody. Who does she think she is? | zviška koga gledati, zaničevati |
look for | try to find | I'm looking for my file. Have you seen it anywhere? | iskati |
look forward to | be excited about the future | I really look forward to meeting you. | veseliti se |
look into | investigate | She was looking into the possibilities of buying a franchise. | preiskati |
look out | be careful, vigilant and take notice | Look out! This floor is slippery. | paziti |
look over | check, examine | When I was looking over my seminar paper I found three grammatical mistakes. | pregledati |
look up | search and find information in a reference book or database | I don’t know the meaning of this word but I can look it up the in the dictionary. | poiskati |
look up to | have a lot of respect for | I looked up to my grandmother when I was a child. | občudovati (nekoga) |
make something up | invent, lie about something | The boy says the story about the rape is not true and that the girl has made it up. | izmisliti si nekaj |
make up | forgive each other | We refused to see each other for two weeks but we have made up now. | spraviti se s kom |
make up | apply cosmetics to | I made her up for her date. | naličiti nekoga |
mix up | confuse two or more things | I mixed up everything I had intended to say at the meeting. | zamešati, zamenjati |
pass away | die | After a long and painful struggle with cancer my grandfather passed away. | preminuti |
pass out | faint | I almost passed out because of all the crowd and bad air. | omedleti |
pay back | return owed money | I'll pay you back that euro next time we see each other. | vrniti nekomu denar |
pay for | be punished for doing something bad | I will make sure he will pay for being so mean to you. | plačati |
pick out | choose | Try these jeans. I picked them out for you because they will surely suit you. | izbrati |
point out | indicate with your finger | Can you point that actress out when she appears on the screen? | pokazati (s prstom) |
put something down | put what you are holding on a surface or floor | You can put the luggage down and have some rest because the plane is delayed. | odložiti |
put down | insult, make someone feel stupid | The man was putting his wife down because of her job. | užaliti nekoga |
put off | postpone | The appintment was put off because of her illness. | preložiti |
put up with someone/something | tolerate | It's difficult to put up with him when he is so stubborn. | prenašati |
put something on | put clothing/accessories on your body | I put on some make-up and went to work. | dati nase, obleči |
run into someone/something | meet unexpectedly | George ran into his elementary school teacher while walking down the street. | naleteti na kaj/koga (po naključju) |
run over someone/something | drive a vehicle over a person or thing | When I was driving home I ran over a cat. It jumped on the road out of nowhere. | povoziti |
run out | have none left | We ran out of sugar, so I couldn't make a cake. | zmanjkati |
shop around | compare prices | Sue loves shopping around before buying anything. | primerjati cene (po trgovinah) |
show off | act extra special for people watching (usually boastfully) | I think he is showing off a bit too much in that BMW. | bahati se |
sleep over | stay somewhere for the night (informal) | You don't need to spend the night in a hotel. You can sleep over at my house. There is enough place. | prespati (nekje eno noč) |
stick to | continue doing something, limit yourself to one particular thing | Stick to your goals and you will succeed. | držati se nečesa, omejiti se na eno stvar |
switch off | stop the energy flow, turn off | I switched off the TV and went to bed. | ugasniti |
switch on | start the energy flow, turn on | Can you switch on the radio? It would be nice to hear some music. | prižgati |
take after | resemble a family member | I take after my father. We are both lazy. | povzeti se (po komu- karakterno) |
take apart | purposely break into pieces | He took the computer apart and repaired it. | razstaviti |
take back | return an item | Mandy had to take her phone back because it didn't work. | vrniti |
take off | start to fly | I am always nervous when the plane takes off. | vzleteti |
take off | remove something (usually clothing) | The doctor told me to take off my shirt. | sleči, odstraniti |
take out | remove from a place or thing | Kim took out her handkerchief and blew her nose. | dati ven |
take out | pay for someone to go somewhere with you | He said he wanted to take me out to a Thai restaurant for dinner. | peljati nekoga ven |
think over | consider | I really need time to think it over before I decide. | premisliti |
throw away | dispose of | I had to throw some of my old clothes away because I didn't have room for the new ones. | zavreči |
turn down | decrease the volume or strength (heat, light, etc.) | Please, turn the radio down otherwise the neighbours might complain. | zmanjšati (zvok, toploto, luč) |
turn down | refuse | They turned the student down because he had no work experience. | odkloniti, zavrniti |
turn off | stop the energy flow, switch off | Could you, please, turn the radio off and start studying? | ugasniti |
turn on | start the energy flow, switch on | I didn't turn the lights on and fell over a chair. | prižgati |
turn up | increase the volume or strength (heat, light, etc.) | It's so hot in here. Please,turn the air conditioning up. | dati na več (zvok, temperaturo, svetlobo) |
turn up | appear suddenly | Larry turned up unexpectedly and surprised everyone. | pojaviti se |
try on | sample clothing | She tried the dress on, but it was too big. | poskusiti (obleko) |
try out | test | I would have to try this car out before buying it. | preizkusiti (v pomenu testirati) |
wake up | stop sleeping | We have to wake up at six at the latest to catch our train. | zbuditi se |
warm up | prepare body for exercise | Stretching exercises warm up our bodies and prevent injuries. | ogreti se |
wear off | fade away | Water-resistant mascaras don't wear off so fast. | obrabiti, izginiti |
work out | exercise | She works out a lot to stay in shape. | telovaditi |
work out | be successful | Thankfully everything has worked out all right. | uspešno končati |
0 Komentarji